Discussion on Developing New Products by Using Glass Packaging Waste

I. INTRODUCTION As a very important packaging material, glass has attracted many consumers because of its excellent properties. Today, the promotion of eco-packaging and green packaging is particularly important for the rational recovery and use of packaging waste. It is not only directly related to the interests of enterprises and the ecological environment, but also has great practical significance for the reasonable protection of social resources. This article discusses the development of new glass waste products.

Second, the use of glass packaging waste to develop new products
1. Production of Glass-Ceramics A glass-ceramic glass is a polycrystalline solid containing a large amount of microcrystals obtained by controlled crystallization of glass in a molten state. Compared with ordinary glass, it has high mechanical properties, good anti-seismic performance, chemical stability and a certain cutting performance. The main raw materials for producing glass-ceramics are power plant fly ash, waste metal ore, blast furnace slag, aluminum red mud, and waste glass, together with a small amount of nucleating agents such as sulfides, nitrides, or chromium oxides. Stir and then put it into the furnace. Melting at 1400-1500°C, stabilizing for 1-2h and then out of the furnace, quenching the glass into water, quenching, breaking glass, drying, ball milling, sieving, then nucleating at 800-950°C, sintering for 0.5-1h. It is crystallized and leveled at 1000-1150°C, removed after 0.5-1h, and finally cooled, annealed, denucleated, ground, and polished to make glass-ceramic products. The glass-ceramics produced by the sintering method can show beautiful and glittering patterns. This is because glass-water quenched particles have a high degree of refractive index on the surface, a low degree of internal crystallization, and a portion with a high degree of crystallinity, a portion with a low degree of crystallinity, and a different reflection of light, thus giving the glass-ceramics a pattern after grinding. In order to obtain a clear pattern, the glass particles should be sifted and graded, and layered according to a certain granularity ratio. The particles on the surface should not be too fine, otherwise the surface pattern will not be obvious. The color of glass-ceramic is very important. To increase the whiteness of the product, an appropriate amount of zinc oxide can be introduced into the base glass. Because of its good color, no brittleness, and high strength performance, the crystallized glass has no impact on the human body, and therefore it has been widely popularized and popularized.

2. The production of foamed glass foamed glass has the characteristics of low water absorption, low thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion rate, high strength, good durability, and can be sawed and bonded. It is a lightweight, heat-insulating, moisture-retaining and fire-proof construction material. It is now widely used in the insulation and thermal insulation of ceilings, enclosure walls, internal partition walls, heating pipes, ventilation pipes, cold storage, oil and gas pipelines. . It can also play a role in sound insulation, and some noise-producing areas, such as the compressor, fan room use it to operate the inner wall protection wall, can play soundproofing and sound absorption. With the development of science and technology, foam glass will be widely used in petrochemical, refrigeration, underground engineering, construction, power and shipbuilding. The manufacturing method is usually a certain amount of foaming agent is added to the glass raw material powder, uniformly mixed and then loaded into a forming mold, in a regenerative furnace to make it heated foam molding, and then slowly annealing and cooling can be obtained in the porosity More than 10% glass foam consisting of independent pores. The raw material of this product is the soda-lime-silica glass with low softening point in glassware packaging waste. There are two production methods: one is powder melting and the other is floatation. At present, China adopts the former method. The process flow of the powder melting method is as follows: The auxiliary materials such as washing, drying, and foaming agent of the waste glass are mixed according to an accurate ratio and sent to a ball mill for grinding. When the material reaches the specified particle size, it is removed from the ball mill, poured into the mold frame, and sent to the tunnel kiln. It is preheated at 350-400°C for 0.5 h, and then heated to 850°C to melt, expand, foam, and fire. , Annealing into the annealing furnace, cooling and cutting into products according to the required specifications. Foam glass commonly used formula is: waste glass 75% -80%, water quenching slag 10%-15%, foaming agent (graphite) 10%-1.5%, flux modifier (Na2B10 stone 7) 2%-4% , Blowing agent accelerator (Sb203) 1%-3%.

3. The chemical composition of the glass fiber glass fiber produced is 15.4% of silica, 17.5% of alumina, 15.4% of calcium oxide, 4.2% of magnesium oxide, and 2% of sodium oxide. If the waste glass is different from the above composition, it can be adjusted appropriately when ingredients are used. After melting in a melting furnace, glass balls are made by an automatic ball maker, the glass is melted, and glass fibers are made through spinning holes and a wire drawing machine. The use of waste glass for the manufacture of glass fibres can be used to produce glass fibre reinforced plastic products with less stringent requirements for glass fibres, such as polyester glass and silica-magnesia cement.

4. When manufacturing glass reconstructed for building materials, the purity and color of the waste glass are very strict, thus limiting its large-scale use. The use of waste glass to produce building materials generally requires less stringent requirements and the amount of waste glass is the largest destination for glass packaging waste.

Manufacture of glass mosaic: It is a decorative building material with a certain porosity and a smooth surface, which is widely used in interior and exterior decoration and non-slip flooring of buildings. Its production methods include pressing and forming low temperature sintering method and melt rolling method. The former mainly uses waste glass, and it can also use waste residue and tailings appropriately according to local conditions. After washing the waste glass, remove the metal and non-metallic impurities, then dry it and send it to the ball mill for comminution. After crushing, add the binder, water, coloring agent, etc., and mix it evenly, half-press molding, and send it to the electric heating kiln. . It is sintered at about 800-900°C and annealed at about 500°C. After cooling, the waste is separated, dried on the paper, and finally packed in storage; the latter main production method is to assist the main raw materials such as waste glass, silica sand, dolomite, limestone, and soda ash and the opacifying agent, coloring agent, and fluxing agent. The raw materials are crushed, mixed according to recipes, formed on a roller or chain calender, and then sent to a glass kiln for melting. The melting temperature is 1250 to 1400° C., and the steel is annealed, cooled, stamped, dried, and packaged.

Manufacture of artificial marble: Artificial marble can be sintered with waste glass and its strength is higher than that of natural marble. The formulas are: 50-60 parts of waste glass, 100 parts of gravel, 20-50 parts of clay, 80-100 mesh particles, pour into mold after mixing, press molding, place in kiln, about 1200°C, calcining 8-10h, then remove the cooling. The key to the production of imitation marble veneer by sintering method is to properly control the particle line of the glass, formulate a reasonable sintering temperature curve, and perform appropriate insulation in the devitrification temperature zone, then pay attention to slow cooling, annealing, coloring agent can be used Enamel-colored oils can produce various stained glass marble panels with a crystalline pattern. The texture and color of marble can be adjusted with limestone and talcum powder.

III. Concluding remarks With the strengthening of people’s awareness of environmental protection and the introduction of government regulations on environmental protection, the recovery rate of glass packaging waste has gradually increased, and the prospects of using glass packaging waste to develop new products are broad.