The United States uses sunlight to effectively split water into hydrogen and oxygen
American scientists have developed a brand new water splitting technology—using sunlight to effectively split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The new method published in the journal Science is expected to pave the way for humanity to enter the era of hydrogen economy.
The leader of the research team, Alan Vimore, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, explained that they designed a solar-thermal system in which sunlight can be placed 10 meters above the ground A mirror around a central tower is collected at a certain point in the tower. The heat generated by the system will be collected in the central tower and then delivered to the reactor containing the metal oxide.
When the metal oxide is heated, oxygen atoms will be released, and the new compounds left will search for new oxygen atoms. Later, they introduced a stream of steam (formed by the water in the reactor heated by the solar beams gathered on the tower) into the system, and the oxygen in the water molecules attached to the metal oxide (composed of iron, cobalt, aluminum, and oxygen ) On the surface, the released hydrogen molecules polymerize together to form hydrogen gas.
Another researcher and professor of chemical and biological engineering Charles Musgrave said the key difference between the new water decomposition technology and other water decomposition technologies is that the new method allows two chemical reactions to occur at the same temperature.
Masgrave said: "Traditional methods need to control the temperature in the reactor from the hot state to the cold state, and also need to control the steam flow into the system. The innovation of the new system is that the temperature has not changed The whole process can be done by opening or closing a steam valve. We can gather sunlight and use the heat generated by it to drive the chemical reaction. Although we can easily heat the temperature of the system above 1350 degrees Celsius, we Just want to heat it to the lowest temperature at which the chemical reaction can proceed. The higher the temperature, the more likely it is to cause damage to the chemical materials and the reactor itself. "
Weimo added that the traditional two-step water splitting method wastes time and heat. After all, the time for sunlight to "show up" is limited every day. The amount of hydrogen produced by the new method depends entirely on the amount of metal oxide and the amount of steam introduced into the system.
The researchers said that although this solar-thermal system can produce a large amount of hydrogen at a lower cost, it may take several years for its commercial development.
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