3D printing technology analysis
The principle of the SLM/DMLS molding process is basically the same as that of the SLS. The materials used in DMLS technology are mostly mixtures of different metals, and each component compensates each other during the sintering process, which is beneficial to ensure the production accuracy. In order to ensure rapid melting of metal powder materials, SLM technology requires high power density lasers, and the spot is focused to several tens of μm to several hundred μm. The SLM technology currently uses the fiber laser with excellent beam mode, and the laser power is above 50w, and the power density is above 5×106W/cm2.
SLM is a promising 3D printing technology for metal parts. SLM molding materials are mostly single-component metal powders, including austenitic stainless steels, nickel-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, and precious metals. The laser beam rapidly melts the metal powder and obtains a continuous melting channel, which can directly obtain nearly dense metal parts of almost any shape, with complete metallurgical bonding and high precision. Its application range has expanded to aerospace, microelectronics, medical, jewelry and other industries. The main defects in the SLM molding process are spheroidization and warpage.
Domestic and international research on SLM technology is highly enthusiastic. The countries that conduct research on the SLM process abroad mainly focus on Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, France and so on. Among them, Germany is the earliest and most in-depth study of SLM technology. The first SLM system was a stainless steel powder SLM forming machine developed in 1999 by Fockele and Schwarze (F&S) in Germany and the Fraunhofer Institute in Germany. At present, there are many SLM equipment manufacturers abroad, such as Germany EOS company, SLMSolutions company and ConceptLaser company. South China University of Technology developed the first domestically selected laser melting equipment DiMet?al-240 in 2003, and developed DiMetal-280 in 2007. DiMetal-100 was developed in 2012, and DiMetal-100 equipment has been pre-commercialized. Stage.
Figure 1: EOS DMLS device (EOSINTM280)
Figure 2: Sample DMLS product
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